We all know that reading is the most important academic skill, and that there is a big reading gap between haves and have-nots in our schools. The public understands that in the United States, our shared language contains not just “the” and “was” but “Birmingham Jail,” “Sitting Bull,” and “pay through the nose.” (Explanations of idioms like “pay through the nose” have been especially welcomed by immigrant parents and children.) The public also understands that these shared meanings are essential for communication inside our nation - or, to put the matter simply, they are essential for reading. People within each of these national communities are bound together not just by political institutions and laws, but also by shared values and allusions and a shared language. But each is different, having been adapted to the relevant national language and culture. There are by now German, Dutch, and Swedish versions of this book. Of course the entries reflect content from many nations of the world, and the principle of cultural literacy is implicitly international. I say “to Americans” because the concept of cultural literacy implies a national culture. We hope that this book continues to be useful to Americans of all ages and backgrounds. A thousand entries have been revised for clarity and updated to reflect current usage. Of the remainder of the new entries, about half are in the fields of history, politics, and geography. It is frightening to realize that when we wrote the second edition, almost no one knew what a Web page was. This book contains about five hundred (out of nearly seven thousand) new entries, of which about two hundred are in the science and technology chapters. A new edition is called for to keep up with the changes in American culture. But it is gratifying to learn that its scholarly soundness has found a practical resonance with the public. Third edition! My colleagues and I have never wavered in our conviction that the theory behind The Dictionary of Cultural Literacy is sound, as it is based on well-established findings of linguistics and cognitive psychology. World Literature, Philosophy, and Religion Preface Introduction to the First Edition The Theory Behind the Dictionary: Cultural Literacy and Education How to Use This Dictionary ISBN --- Printed in the United States of America QUM Book design and production by Professional Book Center For information about this and other Houghton Mifflin trade and reference books and multimedia products, visit our Web site: Contents Third Edition Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data is available. Kett ✥ James Trefil completely revised and updatedĬopyright © by Houghton Mifflin Company ALL RIGHTS RESERVED For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Company, Park Avenue South, New York, New York . Hazen) Reading the Mind of God The Dark Side of the Universe Meditations at Sunset Meditations at , Feet A Scientist at the Seashore The Unexpected Vista The Moment of Creation Are We Alone? (with R. Morowitz) Science Matters: Achieving Scientific Literacy (with R. Hazen) Other Worlds: Images of the Cosmos from Earth and Space Things You Don’t Know About Science and No One Else Does Either Are We Unique? A Scientist Explores the Unparalleled Intelligence of the Human Mind A Scientist in the City The Facts of Life: Science and the Abortion Controversy (with H. Morowitz) The Sciences: An Integrated Approach (with R. The Nature of Science: An A–Z Guide to the Laws and Principles Governing Our Universe Encyclopedia of Science and Technology (with P. Boyer et al.) The Pursuit of Knowledge Under Difficulties: From Self-Improvement to Adult Education in America, – Rites of Passage: Adolescence in America, –Present The Formation of the American Medical Profession: The Role of Institutions, – ✥ The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People (with P. Stanford) Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know The Philosophy of Composition The Aims of Interpretation Validity in Interpretation Innocence and Experience: An Introduction to Blake Wordsworth and Schelling: A Typological Study of Romanticism ✥ The Schools We Need: And Why We Don’t Have Them Books to Build On The Core Knowledge Series (Kindergarten to Grade 6 7 volumes) A First Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (with W.
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